Face Recognition and Face Liveness

Spoofing attack is a threat for biometric authentication systems. Liveness detection aims at recognition of human physiological activities as the liveness indicator to prevent spoofing attack. Facial photograph of valid user is the most common way to spoof face recognition systems as photo attack is the cheapest and easiest spoofing approach. Antispoof problem is a challenging task before face recognition could be applied. Video spoofing is another big threat to face recognition systems as it is very similar to live face. It has many physiological clues that photo does not have. Human is able to distinguish a live face and a photograph without any effort, since human can very easily recognize many physiological clues of liveness. The tasks of computing these clues are complicated for computer, even impossible for some clues under the unconstrained environment. This paper is an effort to explore future aspects for face liveness detection. Various existing face recognition methods and liveness indicators for face liveness detection are covered in this paper.